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| Fishing Down the Food Web |
| 2003年09月02日15:21:27 网易教育 |
Today, "calamari" is a popular dish. But thirty years ago, squid was mostly used for bait. Fishing boats go after squid today because many of the big fish are gone. We'll talk about "fishing down the food web" in Our Ocean World.
(SFX: waves and gulls, :under)
Dr. Daniel Pauly, a fisheries professor at the University of British Columbia coined the term "Fishing down the food web." He describes how this process happened in the Gulf of Maine. The earliest European explorers went after large marine mammals-whales and seals.
"Then people went for the fish. What fish? They went for cod. Which is a top predator when it's big. Then the cod disappear, so what do you take? You take herring, you take mackerel, etc. As these become scarce, (edit) you start catching shrimp, which are the food of the cod, and you start catching sea urchins, which are at the bottom of the food web, they're eating algae."
Dr. Pauly says, the trend is clear: The animals we now consume are smaller, AND they're found lower on the food chain. If this trend continues, there won't be food for the larger species to eat or to support stocks of larger fish.
"We have to stop and reverse that trend. Stopping, reversing that trend means reestablishing some of the ecosystem structure that we had before. That's the story!"
(SFX: waves and gulls, up and out)
I'm Marilyn Cooley.
(SFX: harbor ambience, up and out)
Our Ocean World is made possible by Royal Caribbean International and the research labs onboard its new ship, Explorer of the Seas - Royal Caribbean dot com.
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