Hello, everyone. Welcome to the listening class. Today we will begin our journey of conquering the TOEFL. I sincerely hope that after one-month long training all our on-line students will be able to pass the TOEFL with high marks. That is the goal for both of us. Now let's begin to work together to achieve the goal.     This is the first listening class. I'd better begin with the introduction of the TOEFL listening test so that you can get familiar with the format of the TOEFL listening.     OK. Here we go!     TOEFL进入中国时间长久。TOEFL的题型也已经过了多次变化。听力也不例外。现在我们就先看一下经过最新一次变化后的题型。     Listening comprehension is composed of three parts:     Part A: Short conversations     Part A的类型、特点。     Part A为小对话。先是两人对话，接着是第三个人就对话内容提出一个问题，要求考生根据对话内容在4个选择中选出一个正确答案。此种类型的题主要有明示题（Stated）和暗示题（Implied）两大类。自1995年8月起，TOEFL考试听力部分有了较大的改变。改型后的题主要以暗示题为主，其比例往往占整个Part A部分的80%以上。该部分内容涉及面广，提问形式多样，才生要根据对话所提供的信息作出正确的判断或合理的推测，此外，还要善于扑捉对话双方的言外之意。     Part B: Longer conversations     Part C: Talks     Part B和Part C的类型、特点。     Part B和Part C部分不仅是检验考生的听力理解能力，更主要的是检验考生的记忆力。     以上我们了解了Part A、Part B、Part C的类型及特点。现在我们以具体的实例介绍一下：     Part A: Short Conversations      On the tape you will hear: Woman: Have you called John? Man: I'll call him as soon as I get home. Narrator: Question 1. What does the man mean? In your test book you will read: 1. (A)He will call John before he goes home.    (B)He will call John after he gets home.    (C)He called John at home.    (D)He will call John tomorrow.      对话中男子说他一回家，就给John打电话。因此，本题的答案为（B）。     Part B: Longer Conversations      On the tape you will hear: Narrator: Question 1 and 2 are based on the following conversation between two friends at 　school. Man: Hi, Joanie. Where are you going? Women: Oh, hi, Paul. I'm on my way to the library. Man: I just wondered if you wanted to go to a movie with me. Women: I'd love to, but I can't. I can't believe all the work I have this semester. I only have three classes, but in all of them I have lots of reading, term papers, reports, and essay exams. It's incredible! I feel like I'll never get through everything. Man: That's terrible. I felt that way last year when I had term papers to write, but this semester seems much easier. I spend a lot of time in class, but most of it is in labs doing experiments. I hated writing all those term papers. Can't I talk you into going to the show anyway? I've heard that the movie over at the East Auditorium is really good. It's a murder mystery. Women: Oh, now I'm sure I won't go. I might go to a comedy, but I hate murder mysteries. Narrator: Now listen to sample question number 1. Where is the woman going? In your test booklet you will read: 1. (A)To the cafeteria    (B)To the movie theater    (C)To her dorm room    (D)To the library      此题的答案为（D）"去图书馆"。因为女子说："I'm on my way to the library."     Part C: Talks      On the tape you will hear: Narrator: Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following announcement: Woman: At this university we offer three different programs for students who have children. For those of you with very young children, we have a day care program that takes infants from 3 months to 30 months. We have another program for children between 2 and 5 years of age. And we also have an after-school program for school-aged children. This program offers sports, crafts, outings, and tutoring during after-school hours. Enrollment in these child care programs is limited and early application is essential, since our programs often have waiting lists. The fees are on an hourly basis. If any of you new students need these services, please let me know right away so I can get you an application form. Narrator: Now listen to question number 1.What is the main purpose of this announcement? In your test book you will read: 1. (A) To demonstrate tutoring techniques    (B) To explain school policies    (C) To recruit childcare workers    (D) To explain a service      本题的答案为（D）"To explain a service."在这段谈话结尾处，说话者说："if any of you new students need these services …"这就是本题答题的线索。     关于Part A的解题策略     由于B、C部分的听力内容较长，我们针对A部分采取的解题策略与B、C部分的策略也不同。我们可采用以下五个步骤完成Part A。      1. 当磁带播放 Instruction时，你应该先不要忙于看卷子上的选项。      2. 当你听力录音叫翻页时，你要以较快的速度浏览卷上的四个选项，这时你可能只有1-2秒时间，你应注意一些重复出现的单词，如人名、地名等。当你听到这些词时，应对即将听到的对话内容做出大致的推测。      3. 当录音上的对话开始后，你应立刻停下来，并集中精力听对话。      4. 听完对话和问题后，再次看四个选项，并做出选择。如果你无法决定哪一个是正确答案，就用排除法，然后在剩下的选项中做出选择。      5. 快速在答卷纸上选择，并且立刻重复第2至第5步完成下一道题。     这种方法首先能使你获得录音中对话内容的线索；其次，你可以得用阅读和总结能力来增强听力技巧；最后，如果你能猜出对话大致内容，则不会过于紧张，这使你能集中于听到的细节，提高选择的准确率。      我们结合例题来分析TOEFL中Part A中常出现的出题方式各对策。我把出题方式分为以下几种。  1． 词汇题      词汇题主要是考验考生的词汇量以及考生对词汇的敏感和运用能力。     Example 1 Woman: How do you like your literature class? Man: I love it; the professor is terrific. Question: What does the man mean? (A) The teacher is excellent. (B) The professor thinks the new literature book is great. (C) He likes the subject, but he is afraid of the professor. (D) He thinks the class would be better with another teacher.     在此题中考的是"terrific"这个词。它与"excellent"词义相近。因此正确答案为（A）。     2． 语气题      语气题是考验考生对不同语气所隐含的说话人的意思的理解能力。 Example 2 Woman: They don't know the news yet. Man: They don't? Question: What does the man imply? (A) They don't want to hear the news yet. (B) He already told them the news. (C) He is surprised that they don't know the news. (D) They don't have any way to hear the news.     一些TOEFL的对话要求考生能理解说话者的语气。在以上的例子中，男子的声音在"don't"这个词上上升。他重复女子的话表明他对女子的话有疑问并很吃惊。由此我们可推测，男子本期望"他们"已知道了这消息。如果他的语气是下降而不是上升，那他可能是证实女子的话而不是对它有疑问。所以此题正确答案为（C）。     We will stop here, now I'll leave some homework. Homework Part A Directions: In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation a third person will ask a question about what was said. You will hear the conversation only one time, so you must listen carefully to what each speaker says. After you hear the conversation and the question, read the four possible answers in your test booklet and pick the one that best answers the question. Then, look on the answer sheet for the number of the question and fill in the oval that corresponds to the letter of your answer choice. 1. (A) She enjoys summer the most.    (B) She's too busy to go traveling.    (C) She gets bored staying home too long.    (D) She doesn't like to travel. 2. (A) Building houses is very complicated.    (B) He lent his other book to a friend.    (C) This book doesn't have enough details.    (D) He needs the information in this book. 3. (A) He left his lab and went on vacation.    (B) He locked his lab.    (C) He came back to work early.    (D) He went to give a lecture. 4. (A) Connie and David have changed.    (B) David wants to talk to Connie.    (C) Connie and David are planning a trip together.    (D) Connie and David have many friends. 5. (A) She used to work for the city.    (B) She enjoys sightseeing in the city.    (C) She thinks there are two buildings.    (D) She has visited the museum more than once. 6. (A) She is unhappy with her work.    (B) She enjoys sightseeing in the city.    (C) She doesn't know what the man means.    (D) She agrees to work on another day. 7. (A) He thinks Greg is too young.    (B) He thinks it's a good decision.    (C) He is surprised.    (D) He is angry. 8. (A) Sandy wants to room with the woman.    (B) Sandy is a very interesting person.    (C) Sandy doesn't want to bother anyone.    (D) Sandy is the woman's roommate. 9. (A) The complete movie was not shown.    (B) She went to sleep during the movie.    (C) The end surprised everyone.    (D) She wants to see the movie again tonight. 10. (A) She already has tickets for both of them.    (B) She's trying to fool him.    (C) She thinks it's going to be hard to get tickets.    (D) She doesn't want to get tickets, because they might have to stay home.